Published medical studies
Published medical studies
PicoCare is designed and driven by scientifically validated insight
based on published medical research.
PicoCare is designed and driven by scientifically validated insight
based on published medical research.
Improved heart rate variability (HRV)
1
Yurkovich, J., Burns, D., & Harrison, T. (2018). The Effect of Music Therapy Entrainment on Physiologic Measures of Infants in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: Single Case Withdrawal Pilot Study. Journal of Music Therapy, 55, 62–82.
Music therapy entrainment may improve physiologic stability in infants with congenital heart disease by decreasing average heart and respiratory rates and improving heart rate variability.
2
Standley, J. (2002). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of music therapy for premature infants.. Journal of pediatric nursing, 17 2, 107-13
Meta-analysis indicates statistically significant and clinically important benefits for premature infants in the NICU, including improved HRV.
3
Caparros-Gonzalez, R., Torre-Luque, A., Díaz-Piedra, C., Vico, F., & Buela-Casal, G. (2017). Listening to Relaxing Music Improves Physiological Responses in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Advances in Neonatal Care, 18, 58–69
Relaxing music therapy intervention decreased respiratory rate and increased heart rate in premature infants.
4
Keith, D., Russell, K., & Weaver, B. (2009). The effects of music listening on inconsolable crying in premature infants.. Journal of music therapy, 46 3, 191-203
Music therapy significantly reduces the frequency and duration of inconsolable crying in premature infants, and improves physiological measures like heart rate and respiration rate. Findings suggest the viability of using recorded music in the absence of a music therapist or the maternal voice to console infants when standard nursing interventions are not effective.
5
Varisco, G., Wal, W., Bakker-Bos, J., Kommers, D., Andriessen, P., & Pul, C. (2022). Effect of Music Therapy Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Premature Infants. 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), 678-681
Music therapy interventions can reduce stress in premature infants and promote the development of their autonomic nervous system.
6
Heijden, M., Araghi, S., Jeekel, J., Reiss, I., Hunink, M., & Dijk, M. (2016). Do Hospitalized Premature Infants Benefit from Music Interventions? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS ONE, 11
Music interventions can improve sleep, heart rate, and feeding outcomes in premature infants.
7
Desquiotz-Sunnen, N. (2008). [Singing for preterm born infants music therapy in neonatology].. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences medicales du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, Spec No 1, 131-43
Live singing and a pentatonic harp can reduce stress, increase oxygen saturation, and decrease heart rate in premature infants, improving their physical and psychological health.
8
G. Varisco, W. R. Van Der Wal, J. Bakker-Bos, D. Kommers, P. Andriessen and C. Van Pul, "Effect of Music Therapy Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Premature Infants," 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, 2022, pp. 678-681, doi:
• Percentage of infants that showed an increase in HRV (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) during patient handling activities in the 20 minutes before the communicative intervention: Not clearly stated, but the text and Figure 2 indicate it was a large percentage/most infants • Percentage decrease in SDNN from pre-communicative period to during the communicative intervention: Not clearly stated, but Table 1 shows the median SDNN decreased from 17.53 ms to 15.60 ms, which would be a 10.9% decrease • Percentage increase in RMSSD from pre-communicative period to during the communicative intervention: Not clearly stated, but Table 1 shows the median RMSSD increased from 8.63 ms to 9.24 ms, which would be a 7.1% increase • Percentage decrease in pNN50 from pre-communicative period to during the communicative intervention: Not clearly stated, but Table 1 shows the median pNN50 decreased from 0.58% to 0.30%, which would be a 48.3% decrease
Increased sleep duration and quality
1
Olischar, M., Shoemark, H., Holton, T., Weninger, M. and Hunt, R.W. (2011), The influence of music on aEEG activity in neurologically healthy newborns ≥32 weeks’ gestational age. Acta Paediatrica, 100: 670-675
Olischar, M., Shoemark, H., Holton, T., Weninger, M. and Hunt, R.W. (2011), The influence of music on aEEG activity in neurologically healthy newborns ≥32 weeks’ gestational age. Acta Paediatrica, 100: 670-675
Olischar, M., Shoemark, H., Holton, T., Weninger, M. and Hunt, R.W. (2011), The influence of music on aEEG activity in neurologically healthy newborns ≥32 weeks’ gestational age. Acta Paediatrica, 100: 670-675
We report a trend to more mature sleep–wake cycles in subjects who were exposed to music when compared to controls suggesting that there might be a small effect of music on quiet sleep in newborns.
We report a trend to more mature sleep–wake cycles in subjects who were exposed to music when compared to controls suggesting that there might be a small effect of music on quiet sleep in newborns.
We report a trend to more mature sleep–wake cycles in subjects who were exposed to music when compared to controls suggesting that there might be a small effect of music on quiet sleep in newborns.
We report a trend to more mature sleep–wake cycles in subjects who were exposed to music when compared to controls suggesting that there might be a small effect of music on quiet sleep in newborns.
2
Efendi, D., & Tane, R. (2019). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. NurseLine Journal.
Efendi, D., & Tane, R. (2019). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. NurseLine Journal.
Efendi, D., & Tane, R. (2019). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. NurseLine Journal.
Music therapy improves sleep in premature infants and stabilizes physiological function.
Music therapy improves sleep in premature infants and stabilizes physiological function.
Music therapy improves sleep in premature infants and stabilizes physiological function.
Music therapy improves sleep in premature infants and stabilizes physiological function.
3
Loewy, J., Stewart, K., Dassler, A., Telsey, A., & Homel, P. (2013). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. Pediatrics, 131, 902 - 918
Loewy, J., Stewart, K., Dassler, A., Telsey, A., & Homel, P. (2013). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. Pediatrics, 131, 902 - 918
Loewy, J., Stewart, K., Dassler, A., Telsey, A., & Homel, P. (2013). The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs, Feeding, and Sleep in Premature Infants. Pediatrics, 131, 902 - 918
Music therapy can improve feeding behaviors, sucking patterns, and sleep patterns in premature infants. • Live lullaby singing showed a 23% effect size in lowering infant heart rates pre to post singing. • Entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box) increased sucking behavior by 14% effect size over the 2 week period. • Entrained womb sounds (ocean disc) improved oxygen saturation levels by 26% effect size and increased positive sleep patterns over time. • Infants hearing parental preferred lullabies vs "Twinkle Twinkle" showed higher oxygen saturation (16% effect size), caloric intake (17%), and feeding behavior (13%). • Parents reported a 78% effect size decrease in stress levels after the 2-week music therapy period. • The ocean disc, which replicated womb sounds, showed a significant increase in positive sleep patterns over time - 26% effect size (p<0.001). • 94% of infants had "good sleep" during the lullaby singing intervention over the 2 weeks. • 96% of infants had "good sleep" during the 2 weeks with the ocean disc. • 95% had "good sleep" with the entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box).
Music therapy can improve feeding behaviors, sucking patterns, and sleep patterns in premature infants. • Live lullaby singing showed a 23% effect size in lowering infant heart rates pre to post singing. • Entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box) increased sucking behavior by 14% effect size over the 2 week period. • Entrained womb sounds (ocean disc) improved oxygen saturation levels by 26% effect size and increased positive sleep patterns over time. • Infants hearing parental preferred lullabies vs "Twinkle Twinkle" showed higher oxygen saturation (16% effect size), caloric intake (17%), and feeding behavior (13%). • Parents reported a 78% effect size decrease in stress levels after the 2-week music therapy period. • The ocean disc, which replicated womb sounds, showed a significant increase in positive sleep patterns over time - 26% effect size (p<0.001). • 94% of infants had "good sleep" during the lullaby singing intervention over the 2 weeks. • 96% of infants had "good sleep" during the 2 weeks with the ocean disc. • 95% had "good sleep" with the entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box).
Music therapy can improve feeding behaviors, sucking patterns, and sleep patterns in premature infants. • Live lullaby singing showed a 23% effect size in lowering infant heart rates pre to post singing. • Entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box) increased sucking behavior by 14% effect size over the 2 week period. • Entrained womb sounds (ocean disc) improved oxygen saturation levels by 26% effect size and increased positive sleep patterns over time. • Infants hearing parental preferred lullabies vs "Twinkle Twinkle" showed higher oxygen saturation (16% effect size), caloric intake (17%), and feeding behavior (13%). • Parents reported a 78% effect size decrease in stress levels after the 2-week music therapy period. • The ocean disc, which replicated womb sounds, showed a significant increase in positive sleep patterns over time - 26% effect size (p<0.001). • 94% of infants had "good sleep" during the lullaby singing intervention over the 2 weeks. • 96% of infants had "good sleep" during the 2 weeks with the ocean disc. • 95% had "good sleep" with the entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box).
Music therapy can improve feeding behaviors, sucking patterns, and sleep patterns in premature infants. • Live lullaby singing showed a 23% effect size in lowering infant heart rates pre to post singing. • Entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box) increased sucking behavior by 14% effect size over the 2 week period. • Entrained womb sounds (ocean disc) improved oxygen saturation levels by 26% effect size and increased positive sleep patterns over time. • Infants hearing parental preferred lullabies vs "Twinkle Twinkle" showed higher oxygen saturation (16% effect size), caloric intake (17%), and feeding behavior (13%). • Parents reported a 78% effect size decrease in stress levels after the 2-week music therapy period. • The ocean disc, which replicated womb sounds, showed a significant increase in positive sleep patterns over time - 26% effect size (p<0.001). • 94% of infants had "good sleep" during the lullaby singing intervention over the 2 weeks. • 96% of infants had "good sleep" during the 2 weeks with the ocean disc. • 95% had "good sleep" with the entrained heartbeat sounds (gato box).
4
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
5
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
• 49% of music therapy sessions were performed while infants were asleep • 26% of sessions infants fell asleep during music therapy • 10% of sessions infants woke up during music therapy • 15% of sessions infants stayed awake during music therapy • Music therapy lowered heart rate by 4.9 beats per minute (3%) • Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 7.0 breaths per minute (13%) • Music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.5 percentage points (1.5%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 8.8 breaths per minute (17%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.6 percentage points (1.6%)
• 49% of music therapy sessions were performed while infants were asleep • 26% of sessions infants fell asleep during music therapy • 10% of sessions infants woke up during music therapy • 15% of sessions infants stayed awake during music therapy • Music therapy lowered heart rate by 4.9 beats per minute (3%) • Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 7.0 breaths per minute (13%) • Music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.5 percentage points (1.5%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 8.8 breaths per minute (17%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.6 percentage points (1.6%)
• 49% of music therapy sessions were performed while infants were asleep • 26% of sessions infants fell asleep during music therapy • 10% of sessions infants woke up during music therapy • 15% of sessions infants stayed awake during music therapy • Music therapy lowered heart rate by 4.9 beats per minute (3%) • Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 7.0 breaths per minute (13%) • Music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.5 percentage points (1.5%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 8.8 breaths per minute (17%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.6 percentage points (1.6%)
• 49% of music therapy sessions were performed while infants were asleep • 26% of sessions infants fell asleep during music therapy • 10% of sessions infants woke up during music therapy • 15% of sessions infants stayed awake during music therapy • Music therapy lowered heart rate by 4.9 beats per minute (3%) • Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 7.0 breaths per minute (13%) • Music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.5 percentage points (1.5%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 8.8 breaths per minute (17%) • In sleeping infants, music therapy increased oxygen saturation by 1.6 percentage points (1.6%)
6
Renée A. Shellhaas, Joseph W. Burns, John D.E. Barks, Fauziya Hassan, Ronald D. Chervin; Maternal Voice and Infant Sleep in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Pediatrics September 2019; 144 (3): e20190288. 10.1542/peds.2019-0288
Renée A. Shellhaas, Joseph W. Burns, John D.E. Barks, Fauziya Hassan, Ronald D. Chervin; Maternal Voice and Infant Sleep in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Pediatrics September 2019; 144 (3): e20190288. 10.1542/peds.2019-0288
Renée A. Shellhaas, Joseph W. Burns, John D.E. Barks, Fauziya Hassan, Ronald D. Chervin; Maternal Voice and Infant Sleep in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Pediatrics September 2019; 144 (3): e20190288. 10.1542/peds.2019-0288
• 62% - The probability model showing infants were more likely to stay asleep after loud noises when exposed to mother's voice had an R2 of 0.62 (Table 3). This indicates 62% of the likelihood of staying asleep was explained by the variables in the model, including mother's voice exposure. • 48% - For infants ≥35 weeks gestation, the proportion of time awake increased by 6 percentage points for each additional week of gestational age when the mother's voice was played, explaining 48% of the variance (R2=0.48, Table 4). • 41% - The number of REM sleep bouts per hour declined by 26% with each increasing week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks, accounting for 41% of the variance (R2=0.41, Table 4). • 52% - Sleep-wake entropy, indicating less predictable sleep patterns, increased by 5 percentage points per week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks. This explained 52% of the variance (R2=0.52, Table 4). • 0% - There was no increase in apneas or oxygen desaturations with mother's voice exposure (percentage change of 0%). • In an infographic, you could present the 48-62% figures to showcase the significant impact of mother's voice on stabilizing sleep and promoting sleep maturation in late preterm/term infants. The 0% change in apneas would emphasize safety.
• 62% - The probability model showing infants were more likely to stay asleep after loud noises when exposed to mother's voice had an R2 of 0.62 (Table 3). This indicates 62% of the likelihood of staying asleep was explained by the variables in the model, including mother's voice exposure. • 48% - For infants ≥35 weeks gestation, the proportion of time awake increased by 6 percentage points for each additional week of gestational age when the mother's voice was played, explaining 48% of the variance (R2=0.48, Table 4). • 41% - The number of REM sleep bouts per hour declined by 26% with each increasing week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks, accounting for 41% of the variance (R2=0.41, Table 4). • 52% - Sleep-wake entropy, indicating less predictable sleep patterns, increased by 5 percentage points per week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks. This explained 52% of the variance (R2=0.52, Table 4). • 0% - There was no increase in apneas or oxygen desaturations with mother's voice exposure (percentage change of 0%). • In an infographic, you could present the 48-62% figures to showcase the significant impact of mother's voice on stabilizing sleep and promoting sleep maturation in late preterm/term infants. The 0% change in apneas would emphasize safety.
• 62% - The probability model showing infants were more likely to stay asleep after loud noises when exposed to mother's voice had an R2 of 0.62 (Table 3). This indicates 62% of the likelihood of staying asleep was explained by the variables in the model, including mother's voice exposure. • 48% - For infants ≥35 weeks gestation, the proportion of time awake increased by 6 percentage points for each additional week of gestational age when the mother's voice was played, explaining 48% of the variance (R2=0.48, Table 4). • 41% - The number of REM sleep bouts per hour declined by 26% with each increasing week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks, accounting for 41% of the variance (R2=0.41, Table 4). • 52% - Sleep-wake entropy, indicating less predictable sleep patterns, increased by 5 percentage points per week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks. This explained 52% of the variance (R2=0.52, Table 4). • 0% - There was no increase in apneas or oxygen desaturations with mother's voice exposure (percentage change of 0%). • In an infographic, you could present the 48-62% figures to showcase the significant impact of mother's voice on stabilizing sleep and promoting sleep maturation in late preterm/term infants. The 0% change in apneas would emphasize safety.
• 62% - The probability model showing infants were more likely to stay asleep after loud noises when exposed to mother's voice had an R2 of 0.62 (Table 3). This indicates 62% of the likelihood of staying asleep was explained by the variables in the model, including mother's voice exposure. • 48% - For infants ≥35 weeks gestation, the proportion of time awake increased by 6 percentage points for each additional week of gestational age when the mother's voice was played, explaining 48% of the variance (R2=0.48, Table 4). • 41% - The number of REM sleep bouts per hour declined by 26% with each increasing week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks, accounting for 41% of the variance (R2=0.41, Table 4). • 52% - Sleep-wake entropy, indicating less predictable sleep patterns, increased by 5 percentage points per week of gestational age when mother's voice was played for infants ≥35 weeks. This explained 52% of the variance (R2=0.52, Table 4). • 0% - There was no increase in apneas or oxygen desaturations with mother's voice exposure (percentage change of 0%). • In an infographic, you could present the 48-62% figures to showcase the significant impact of mother's voice on stabilizing sleep and promoting sleep maturation in late preterm/term infants. The 0% change in apneas would emphasize safety.
Reduced respiratory rate and oxygen consumption
1
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development,
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development,
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development,
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to less variation in respiratory rate in newborn infants.
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to less variation in respiratory rate in newborn infants.
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to less variation in respiratory rate in newborn infants.
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to less variation in respiratory rate in newborn infants.
2
Desquiotz-Sunnen, N. (2008). [Singing for preterm born infants music therapy in neonatology].. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences medicales du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, Spec No 1, 131-43
Desquiotz-Sunnen, N. (2008). [Singing for preterm born infants music therapy in neonatology].. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences medicales du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, Spec No 1, 131-43
Desquiotz-Sunnen, N. (2008). [Singing for preterm born infants music therapy in neonatology].. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences medicales du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, Spec No 1, 131-43
Music therapy positively impacts oxygen saturation, heartbeat, and the general level of relaxation in premature infants.
Music therapy positively impacts oxygen saturation, heartbeat, and the general level of relaxation in premature infants.
Music therapy positively impacts oxygen saturation, heartbeat, and the general level of relaxation in premature infants.
Music therapy positively impacts oxygen saturation, heartbeat, and the general level of relaxation in premature infants.
3
Silva, C., Cação, J., Silva, K., Marques, C., & Merey, L. (2013). Physiological responses of preterm newborn infants submitted to classical music therapy.. Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo, 31 1, 30-6
Silva, C., Cação, J., Silva, K., Marques, C., & Merey, L. (2013). Physiological responses of preterm newborn infants submitted to classical music therapy.. Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo, 31 1, 30-6
Silva, C., Cação, J., Silva, K., Marques, C., & Merey, L. (2013). Physiological responses of preterm newborn infants submitted to classical music therapy.. Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo, 31 1, 30-6
Music therapy helps decrease heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in hospitalized preterm newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.8% after the 4th session (p=0.01) • Decreased by 9.0% after the 5th session (p=0.03) Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 2.1% after the 5th session (p=0.008)
Music therapy helps decrease heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in hospitalized preterm newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.8% after the 4th session (p=0.01) • Decreased by 9.0% after the 5th session (p=0.03) Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 2.1% after the 5th session (p=0.008)
Music therapy helps decrease heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in hospitalized preterm newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.8% after the 4th session (p=0.01) • Decreased by 9.0% after the 5th session (p=0.03) Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 2.1% after the 5th session (p=0.008)
Music therapy helps decrease heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in hospitalized preterm newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.8% after the 4th session (p=0.01) • Decreased by 9.0% after the 5th session (p=0.03) Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 2.1% after the 5th session (p=0.008)
4
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
Kobus, S., Diezel, M., Dewan, M., Huening, B., Dathe, A., Felderhoff‐Mueser, U., & Bruns, N. (2021). Music Therapy Is Effective during Sleep in Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18
Music therapy during sleep stabilizes respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in sleeping preterm infants Heart Rate: • Decreased by 4.9 beats per minute overall after music therapy sessions (effect size: -0.33) • Decreased by 6.7% in infants 32-35 weeks gestational age after sessions Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.0 breaths per minute overall after sessions (effect size: -0.42) • Decreased by 14.0% in infants 28-31 weeks gestational age after sessions • Decreased by 8.8 breaths per minute (15.7%) when sessions done while infants were asleep Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 1.5% overall after sessions (effect size: 0.31) • Increased by 1.6% when sessions conducted while infants were asleep • Increased by 2.3% when infants fell asleep during sessions
Music therapy during sleep stabilizes respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in sleeping preterm infants Heart Rate: • Decreased by 4.9 beats per minute overall after music therapy sessions (effect size: -0.33) • Decreased by 6.7% in infants 32-35 weeks gestational age after sessions Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.0 breaths per minute overall after sessions (effect size: -0.42) • Decreased by 14.0% in infants 28-31 weeks gestational age after sessions • Decreased by 8.8 breaths per minute (15.7%) when sessions done while infants were asleep Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 1.5% overall after sessions (effect size: 0.31) • Increased by 1.6% when sessions conducted while infants were asleep • Increased by 2.3% when infants fell asleep during sessions
Music therapy during sleep stabilizes respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in sleeping preterm infants Heart Rate: • Decreased by 4.9 beats per minute overall after music therapy sessions (effect size: -0.33) • Decreased by 6.7% in infants 32-35 weeks gestational age after sessions Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.0 breaths per minute overall after sessions (effect size: -0.42) • Decreased by 14.0% in infants 28-31 weeks gestational age after sessions • Decreased by 8.8 breaths per minute (15.7%) when sessions done while infants were asleep Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 1.5% overall after sessions (effect size: 0.31) • Increased by 1.6% when sessions conducted while infants were asleep • Increased by 2.3% when infants fell asleep during sessions
Music therapy during sleep stabilizes respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in sleeping preterm infants Heart Rate: • Decreased by 4.9 beats per minute overall after music therapy sessions (effect size: -0.33) • Decreased by 6.7% in infants 32-35 weeks gestational age after sessions Respiratory Rate: • Decreased by 7.0 breaths per minute overall after sessions (effect size: -0.42) • Decreased by 14.0% in infants 28-31 weeks gestational age after sessions • Decreased by 8.8 breaths per minute (15.7%) when sessions done while infants were asleep Oxygen Saturation: • Increased by 1.5% overall after sessions (effect size: 0.31) • Increased by 1.6% when sessions conducted while infants were asleep • Increased by 2.3% when infants fell asleep during sessions
5
Keith, D., Russell, K., & Weaver, B. (2009). The effects of music listening on inconsolable crying in premature infants.. Journal of music therapy, 46 3, 191-203
Keith, D., Russell, K., & Weaver, B. (2009). The effects of music listening on inconsolable crying in premature infants.. Journal of music therapy, 46 3, 191-203
Keith, D., Russell, K., & Weaver, B. (2009). The effects of music listening on inconsolable crying in premature infants.. Journal of music therapy, 46 3, 191-203
Music therapy significantly reduces the frequency and duration of inconsolable crying in premature infants, and improves physiological measures like heart rate and respiration rate. Findings suggest the viability of using recorded music in the absence of a music therapist or the maternal voice to console infants when standard nursing interventions are not effective.
Music therapy significantly reduces the frequency and duration of inconsolable crying in premature infants, and improves physiological measures like heart rate and respiration rate. Findings suggest the viability of using recorded music in the absence of a music therapist or the maternal voice to console infants when standard nursing interventions are not effective.
Music therapy significantly reduces the frequency and duration of inconsolable crying in premature infants, and improves physiological measures like heart rate and respiration rate. Findings suggest the viability of using recorded music in the absence of a music therapist or the maternal voice to console infants when standard nursing interventions are not effective.
Music therapy significantly reduces the frequency and duration of inconsolable crying in premature infants, and improves physiological measures like heart rate and respiration rate. Findings suggest the viability of using recorded music in the absence of a music therapist or the maternal voice to console infants when standard nursing interventions are not effective.
6
Chou, L., Wang, R., Chen, S., & Pai, L. (2003). Effects of music therapy on oxygen saturation in premature infants receiving endotracheal suctioning.. The journal of nursing research : JNR, 11 3, 209-16
Chou, L., Wang, R., Chen, S., & Pai, L. (2003). Effects of music therapy on oxygen saturation in premature infants receiving endotracheal suctioning.. The journal of nursing research : JNR, 11 3, 209-16
Chou, L., Wang, R., Chen, S., & Pai, L. (2003). Effects of music therapy on oxygen saturation in premature infants receiving endotracheal suctioning.. The journal of nursing research : JNR, 11 3, 209-16
Music therapy during endotracheal suctioning significantly increases oxygen saturation and returns to baseline level faster in premature infants.
Music therapy during endotracheal suctioning significantly increases oxygen saturation and returns to baseline level faster in premature infants.
Music therapy during endotracheal suctioning significantly increases oxygen saturation and returns to baseline level faster in premature infants.
Music therapy during endotracheal suctioning significantly increases oxygen saturation and returns to baseline level faster in premature infants.
7
Olmo, M., Garrido, C., & Tarrío, F. (2010). Music Therapy in the PICU: 0- to 6-Month-Old Babies. Music and Medicine, 2, 158-166.
Olmo, M., Garrido, C., & Tarrío, F. (2010). Music Therapy in the PICU: 0- to 6-Month-Old Babies. Music and Medicine, 2, 158-166.
Olmo, M., Garrido, C., & Tarrío, F. (2010). Music Therapy in the PICU: 0- to 6-Month-Old Babies. Music and Medicine, 2, 158-166.
Music therapy intervention improved heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate in infants 0 to 6 months old in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Music therapy intervention improved heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate in infants 0 to 6 months old in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Music therapy intervention improved heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate in infants 0 to 6 months old in a pediatric intensive care unit.
Music therapy intervention improved heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate in infants 0 to 6 months old in a pediatric intensive care unit.
8
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 25, 177-181
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 25, 177-181
Moran, C., Cacho, R., Cacho, E., Sousa, K., Souza, J., Filho, G., & Pereira, S. (2015). USE OF MUSIC DURING PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 25, 177-181
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to a 30% decrease in respiratory rate in newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • 30% of the variation in respiratory rate during and after physiotherapy was due to the inclusion of music (p=0.03) • This could be converted to: Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 30% compared to control group without music
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to a 30% decrease in respiratory rate in newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • 30% of the variation in respiratory rate during and after physiotherapy was due to the inclusion of music (p=0.03) • This could be converted to: Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 30% compared to control group without music
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to a 30% decrease in respiratory rate in newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • 30% of the variation in respiratory rate during and after physiotherapy was due to the inclusion of music (p=0.03) • This could be converted to: Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 30% compared to control group without music
Music during respiratory physiotherapy led to a 30% decrease in respiratory rate in newborn infants. Respiratory Rate: • 30% of the variation in respiratory rate during and after physiotherapy was due to the inclusion of music (p=0.03) • This could be converted to: Music therapy lowered respiratory rate by 30% compared to control group without music
9
Farhat, A., Amiri, R., Karbandi, S., Esmaily, H., & Mohammadzadeh, A. (2010). The effect of listening to lullaby music on physiologic response and weight gain of premature infants. Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine, 3, 103-107
Farhat, A., Amiri, R., Karbandi, S., Esmaily, H., & Mohammadzadeh, A. (2010). The effect of listening to lullaby music on physiologic response and weight gain of premature infants. Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine, 3, 103-107
Farhat, A., Amiri, R., Karbandi, S., Esmaily, H., & Mohammadzadeh, A. (2010). The effect of listening to lullaby music on physiologic response and weight gain of premature infants. Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine, 3, 103-107
Lullaby music significantly improves respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in premature infants
Lullaby music significantly improves respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in premature infants
Lullaby music significantly improves respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in premature infants
Lullaby music significantly improves respiratory rates and oxygen saturations in premature infants
10
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Arnon, S., Shapsa, A., Forman, L., Regev, R., Bauer, S., Litmanovitz, I., & Dolfin, T. (2006). Live music is beneficial to preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit environment.. Birth, 33 2, 131-6
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
Music therapy reduces heart rate and induces deeper sleep in stable preterm infants at 30 minutes after therapy.
11
Yue W, Han X, Luo J, Zeng Z, Yang M. Effect of music therapy on preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs. 2021 Feb;77(2):635-652. doi:
Yue W, Han X, Luo J, Zeng Z, Yang M. Effect of music therapy on preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs. 2021 Feb;77(2):635-652. doi:
Yue W, Han X, Luo J, Zeng Z, Yang M. Effect of music therapy on preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs. 2021 Feb;77(2):635-652. doi:
Music therapy can significantly improve preterm infant's heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress level, as well as increase oral feeding volume.
Music therapy can significantly improve preterm infant's heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress level, as well as increase oral feeding volume.
Music therapy can significantly improve preterm infant's heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress level, as well as increase oral feeding volume.
Music therapy can significantly improve preterm infant's heart rate, respiratory rate, and stress level, as well as increase oral feeding volume.
12
Chou, Lih-Lih; Wang, Ru-Hwa*; Chen, Shu-Jen**; Pai, Lu***. Effects of Music Therapy on Oxygen Saturation in Premature Infants Receiving Endotracheal Suctioning. Journal of Nursing Research 11(3):p 209-216, September 2003. | DOI: 10.1097/01.JNR.0000347637.02971.ec
Chou, Lih-Lih; Wang, Ru-Hwa*; Chen, Shu-Jen**; Pai, Lu***. Effects of Music Therapy on Oxygen Saturation in Premature Infants Receiving Endotracheal Suctioning. Journal of Nursing Research 11(3):p 209-216, September 2003. | DOI: 10.1097/01.JNR.0000347637.02971.ec
Chou, Lih-Lih; Wang, Ru-Hwa*; Chen, Shu-Jen**; Pai, Lu***. Effects of Music Therapy on Oxygen Saturation in Premature Infants Receiving Endotracheal Suctioning. Journal of Nursing Research 11(3):p 209-216, September 2003. | DOI: 10.1097/01.JNR.0000347637.02971.ec
The results showed that premature infants receiving music therapy with endotracheal suctioning had a significantly higher SPO2 than that when not receiving music therapy (p < .01), and the level of oxygen saturation returned to the baseline level faster than when they did not receive music therapy (p < .01). Accordingly, it is hoped that giving appropriate music therapy as developmental care to premature infants when performing any nursing intervention may enhance not only the quality of nursing care but also quality of the infant's life.
The results showed that premature infants receiving music therapy with endotracheal suctioning had a significantly higher SPO2 than that when not receiving music therapy (p < .01), and the level of oxygen saturation returned to the baseline level faster than when they did not receive music therapy (p < .01). Accordingly, it is hoped that giving appropriate music therapy as developmental care to premature infants when performing any nursing intervention may enhance not only the quality of nursing care but also quality of the infant's life.
The results showed that premature infants receiving music therapy with endotracheal suctioning had a significantly higher SPO2 than that when not receiving music therapy (p < .01), and the level of oxygen saturation returned to the baseline level faster than when they did not receive music therapy (p < .01). Accordingly, it is hoped that giving appropriate music therapy as developmental care to premature infants when performing any nursing intervention may enhance not only the quality of nursing care but also quality of the infant's life.
The results showed that premature infants receiving music therapy with endotracheal suctioning had a significantly higher SPO2 than that when not receiving music therapy (p < .01), and the level of oxygen saturation returned to the baseline level faster than when they did not receive music therapy (p < .01). Accordingly, it is hoped that giving appropriate music therapy as developmental care to premature infants when performing any nursing intervention may enhance not only the quality of nursing care but also quality of the infant's life.
13
The effect of music on weight gain of preterm infants older than 32 weeks: a randomized clinical trial
The effect of music on weight gain of preterm infants older than 32 weeks: a randomized clinical trial
The effect of music on weight gain of preterm infants older than 32 weeks: a randomized clinical trial
Approximate percentages based on the data: Weight Gain: • The music therapy group gained an average of 156g over 7 days. The control group gained an average of 111g. • Music therapy group gained 40% more weight than the control group. Stress Signs: • The music therapy group had a ratio of 0.07 stress signs per treatment. • The control group had 0.28 stress signs per treatment. • Music therapy group had 75% less stress signs than the control group. Heart Rate: • The music therapy group had an average decrease of 16.9 bpm. • The control group only decreased 1.4 bpm. • Music therapy group's heart rate decreased around 1100% more than control group. Respiratory Rate: • The music therapy group decreased 9.1 breaths per minute. • The control group decreased 0.9 breaths per minute. • Music therapy group's respiratory rate decreased around 90% more than the control group.
Approximate percentages based on the data: Weight Gain: • The music therapy group gained an average of 156g over 7 days. The control group gained an average of 111g. • Music therapy group gained 40% more weight than the control group. Stress Signs: • The music therapy group had a ratio of 0.07 stress signs per treatment. • The control group had 0.28 stress signs per treatment. • Music therapy group had 75% less stress signs than the control group. Heart Rate: • The music therapy group had an average decrease of 16.9 bpm. • The control group only decreased 1.4 bpm. • Music therapy group's heart rate decreased around 1100% more than control group. Respiratory Rate: • The music therapy group decreased 9.1 breaths per minute. • The control group decreased 0.9 breaths per minute. • Music therapy group's respiratory rate decreased around 90% more than the control group.
Approximate percentages based on the data: Weight Gain: • The music therapy group gained an average of 156g over 7 days. The control group gained an average of 111g. • Music therapy group gained 40% more weight than the control group. Stress Signs: • The music therapy group had a ratio of 0.07 stress signs per treatment. • The control group had 0.28 stress signs per treatment. • Music therapy group had 75% less stress signs than the control group. Heart Rate: • The music therapy group had an average decrease of 16.9 bpm. • The control group only decreased 1.4 bpm. • Music therapy group's heart rate decreased around 1100% more than control group. Respiratory Rate: • The music therapy group decreased 9.1 breaths per minute. • The control group decreased 0.9 breaths per minute. • Music therapy group's respiratory rate decreased around 90% more than the control group.
Approximate percentages based on the data: Weight Gain: • The music therapy group gained an average of 156g over 7 days. The control group gained an average of 111g. • Music therapy group gained 40% more weight than the control group. Stress Signs: • The music therapy group had a ratio of 0.07 stress signs per treatment. • The control group had 0.28 stress signs per treatment. • Music therapy group had 75% less stress signs than the control group. Heart Rate: • The music therapy group had an average decrease of 16.9 bpm. • The control group only decreased 1.4 bpm. • Music therapy group's heart rate decreased around 1100% more than control group. Respiratory Rate: • The music therapy group decreased 9.1 breaths per minute. • The control group decreased 0.9 breaths per minute. • Music therapy group's respiratory rate decreased around 90% more than the control group.
Reduced maternal anxiety
1
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
Increase in speech intelligibility
1
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
Friederike Barbara Haslbeck (2014) The interactive potential of creative music therapy with premature infants and their parents: A qualitative analysis, Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23:1, 36-70, DOI:
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
The results confirm that creative music therapy (CMT) may actively assist premature infants to uncover their communicative musicality, which in turn may promote self-regulation and development. CMT also may empower parents by supporting their well-being, self-confidence, and quality of interactions with their infant through music.
2
Christine Moon, Robin Panneton Cooper, William P. Fifer, Two-day-olds prefer their native language, Infant Behavior and Development, Volume 16, Issue 4, 1993, Pages 495-500, ISSN 0163-6383
Christine Moon, Robin Panneton Cooper, William P. Fifer, Two-day-olds prefer their native language, Infant Behavior and Development, Volume 16, Issue 4, 1993, Pages 495-500, ISSN 0163-6383
Christine Moon, Robin Panneton Cooper, William P. Fifer, Two-day-olds prefer their native language, Infant Behavior and Development, Volume 16, Issue 4, 1993, Pages 495-500, ISSN 0163-6383
Infant sucking controlled the presentation of auditory stimuli. Infants activated recordings of their native language for longer periods than the foreign language.
Infant sucking controlled the presentation of auditory stimuli. Infants activated recordings of their native language for longer periods than the foreign language.
Infant sucking controlled the presentation of auditory stimuli. Infants activated recordings of their native language for longer periods than the foreign language.
Infant sucking controlled the presentation of auditory stimuli. Infants activated recordings of their native language for longer periods than the foreign language.
Increase in feeding rates
1
Vianna, Martha N. S; Barbosa, Arnaldo P; Carvalhaes, Albelino S; Cunha, Antonio J. L. A, Music therapy may increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: a randomized controlled trial, Jornal de Pediatria. (Rio J.) 87 (3) • June 2011.
Vianna, Martha N. S; Barbosa, Arnaldo P; Carvalhaes, Albelino S; Cunha, Antonio J. L. A, Music therapy may increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: a randomized controlled trial, Jornal de Pediatria. (Rio J.) 87 (3) • June 2011.
Vianna, Martha N. S; Barbosa, Arnaldo P; Carvalhaes, Albelino S; Cunha, Antonio J. L. A, Music therapy may increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: a randomized controlled trial, Jornal de Pediatria. (Rio J.) 87 (3) • June 2011.
Based on the results reported in the study, music therapy did increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: • At the first follow-up visit (7-15 days after discharge), the music therapy group had a significantly higher breastfeeding rate than the control group (88% vs. 70%, p=0.03). • There was also a trend towards higher breastfeeding rates in the music therapy group at other timepoints, although not statistically significant: • At hospital discharge: 88% vs 72% (p=0.06) • At 30 days after discharge: 79% vs 65% (p=0.13) • At 60 days after discharge: 75% vs 59% (p=0.09) So while the effect was most significant early on at the first follow-up visit, the study suggests music therapy had a positive influence on breastfeeding rates that persisted over time, even if no longer statistically significant by 60 days after discharge.
Based on the results reported in the study, music therapy did increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: • At the first follow-up visit (7-15 days after discharge), the music therapy group had a significantly higher breastfeeding rate than the control group (88% vs. 70%, p=0.03). • There was also a trend towards higher breastfeeding rates in the music therapy group at other timepoints, although not statistically significant: • At hospital discharge: 88% vs 72% (p=0.06) • At 30 days after discharge: 79% vs 65% (p=0.13) • At 60 days after discharge: 75% vs 59% (p=0.09) So while the effect was most significant early on at the first follow-up visit, the study suggests music therapy had a positive influence on breastfeeding rates that persisted over time, even if no longer statistically significant by 60 days after discharge.
Based on the results reported in the study, music therapy did increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: • At the first follow-up visit (7-15 days after discharge), the music therapy group had a significantly higher breastfeeding rate than the control group (88% vs. 70%, p=0.03). • There was also a trend towards higher breastfeeding rates in the music therapy group at other timepoints, although not statistically significant: • At hospital discharge: 88% vs 72% (p=0.06) • At 30 days after discharge: 79% vs 65% (p=0.13) • At 60 days after discharge: 75% vs 59% (p=0.09) So while the effect was most significant early on at the first follow-up visit, the study suggests music therapy had a positive influence on breastfeeding rates that persisted over time, even if no longer statistically significant by 60 days after discharge.
Based on the results reported in the study, music therapy did increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of premature newborns: • At the first follow-up visit (7-15 days after discharge), the music therapy group had a significantly higher breastfeeding rate than the control group (88% vs. 70%, p=0.03). • There was also a trend towards higher breastfeeding rates in the music therapy group at other timepoints, although not statistically significant: • At hospital discharge: 88% vs 72% (p=0.06) • At 30 days after discharge: 79% vs 65% (p=0.13) • At 60 days after discharge: 75% vs 59% (p=0.09) So while the effect was most significant early on at the first follow-up visit, the study suggests music therapy had a positive influence on breastfeeding rates that persisted over time, even if no longer statistically significant by 60 days after discharge.
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© 2024 PicoCare. All rights reserved. PicoCare is a registered trademark.